Monash Carbon Footprint report

Monash Carbon Footprint reportThis report presents interpreted data after Monash university conducted a carbon footprint assessment between 2005 cashbox 2014.Introduction directly we bathroom see for ourselves the damage we gift ca apply to our home planet. overshoot is known as the consumers demands for earths re outsets are vent beyond the level which the earth muckle regenerate. According to dahl(2008), improving global governance and our ability to lie with the earths resources is thus a key part of any solution. Preventing overshoot and collapse is a challenge of our time. to swerve glassho call gas emissions, Monash university has assessed their carbon footprint from 2005 to 2014. Monash university consists of the Berwick, Caulfield, Clayton, Parkville, and Peninsula campuses within all of Australia, Carbon dioxide(co2) is emitted daily when we theme for the g baseing of fossil fuels to supply heat and to cool rooms, to run appliances, transportation, and the manageme nt of water and waste products. According to the fall in states environmental protection agency, co2 is then trapped within our earths atmosphere and are termed as greenhouse gases as co2 is a direct threat to our ozone layer and is also a major ratifier to global warming. There are three scopes consisting of either direct or indirect. Monash universitys gross total emissions started unwrap with 168,838 tonnes of co2-e/year after being recorded in 2005 and at the end of 2014, Monash universitys gross total emissions were cipher at 190,874 tonnes of c02-e/year.Characterizing the scopesScope 1 this is a direct method of emitting greenhouse gases (GHG) by Monash universitys use of born(p) gas at all sites, the types of fuel used for transportation, the types of fuel used for other purposes, use of appliances much(prenominal) as refrigerants, methane emissions, and commercial c02.Scope 2 this is an indirect consequence by monash university of GHG emissions released for their use of electricity which is purchased from other party.Scope 3 this is also an indirect way of GHG emissions being released into the earths atmosphere which generally accounts for electricity, natural gas, physical composition/cardboard waste, food waste, recyclables, transport fuel, water waste, air travel, taxi cabs, fire extinguishers, and public transport.GHG emissions from scope 1according to marty mccarthy (2015), scientists gathered a national study was taken where over a 1000 awe were tested and the method of measuring the ghg emissions under the factor of livestock methane is by putting the livestock animate being in chamber which can be used to measure methane. Then the next step is to supervise the air in and out and then calculate the concentration in that of the air mixture. It can be observed that the emissions have tripled over the course of 9 years. A reason to this might be the essence of food that is been fed to the livestock animal, or .upon checking the ghg emiss ions within all of the sites of monash university, it is most important to check the fuels used for transport purposes and to separate the types of fuel since different fuels produce different emiisions. according to the national greenhouse account factors (2014), there is a formula which calculates the ghg emisiions released by different fuel types. there is a trend to be seen and it could be seen that the ghg emissions are slowing declining after each year. A reason to this might be the interlingual rendition of hybrids and electric cars the ghg emissions can be measure by the equation given below,scope 1 RefrigerantsWhen we use refrigerants, we never account for the harmful emissions that are released into our atmosphere. Beck in the day, ghg emissions like chlourofluoro carbons(CFC), halons, and hydrochlorofluro carbons (HCFC) went unnoticed for a very ache time. To combat CFCs , halons, HCFCs, substitues such as hydroflouro carbons (HFC) and perfluoro carbons (PFC) have been used to regulate the substances that deplete the ozone layer. This occurance was due to the amendment of the montreal protocol in 1990 which is known to be widely successful due to the universal ratification of fighting ozone depleting substances (ODS). Emissions from regrigerators and ari conditioners can be a resulted from the manufacturing process of the product, from leakages, or from poor service of the operation life of the products. Any reduction of the ODSs can have huge potential benefits since ODSs pose a threat greater than 1000 times that of co2. during the level of assessing monsh univeritisys carbon footprint, it can be see that there is a linear trend where ghg emissions are change magnitude over time. This can be a result of opening up new builings within the campuses and the rundown of commercial unitary air contioning units to have comfortable room temperatures in the given buildings, or it can be from the transport of refrigerated goods, .Scope 2 electricityT he ghg emissions from the comsumption of purchased electricity from the grid has a physically toll on our environment but this is not a direct result from monash university as aforementioned. The enthusiastic and processing of coal, natural gas, or the refinement and transport of crude oil(petroleum) can have the direct response of ghg emission released into our environment. Emissions from electricity (scope 2) can be meure by the equation below,According to scope 2 way by GHG protocol, there are two methods to determine for the emission associated with electricity consumption. The first metheod is the location-based method, where it can be applied to every grid, and it focues on the connection between collective comsumer demand for electricity and how much emisiions re leased from the local electricity generated. The other method which is market-based method, focuses on hoiw much electricity is consumed by the choices of the consumer. observant Monash Univeristys scope 2 emissio ns, is can be seen in the graph that the lowest reading of GHG emissions occurred in 2005, and end-to-end the years of recording scope 2 emissions, it can be seen the number fluctuates each year till the period of 2009 till 2014 where the number have a staggering amount where the ghg emissions ranges around 120, 000 tonnes of CO2-e per year, but during 2014, the ghg emissions have sort of been regulated. A reason for the increase of ghg emissions might be negotiating with a company whose primary source of energy might be from coal, and a way to reduce this would be to switch to a low carbon electricity supplier, or to purchase certifictaes from low carbon energy generation.Scope 3https//www.giss.nasa.gov/ look/briefs/fung_01/http//www.abc.net.au/ news program/2015-12-14/impact-of-cattle-on-methane-emissions-downgraded/7027088http//www.chlorinated-solvents.eu/index.php/regulatory-compliance/ods-regulationhttp//www.environment.gov.au/protection/ozone/montreal-protocolhttp//ghgprotoco l.org/files/ghgp/Scope%202%20Guidance_Final.pdfhttp//www.cleanenergyregulator.gov.au/NGER/About-the-National-Greenhouse-and-Energy-Reporting-scheme/Greenhouse-gases-and-energyhttp//www.cleanenergyregulator.gov.au/DocumentAssets/Documents/NGER%20Energy%20production%20and%20consumption.pdfhttp//www.environment.gov.au/climate-change/greenhouse-gas-measurement/publications/national-greenhouse-accounts-factors-dec-2014https//www.monash.edu/environmental-sustainability/get-involved/staff/green-programhttps//www.monash.edu/environmental-sustainability/get-involved/students/do-one-thinghttps//www.monash.edu/environmental-sustainability/campus-initiative/energy/renewable-energyhttp//www.greenpower.gov.au/About-Us/https//www.epa.gov/ghgemissions/overview-greenhouse-gaseshttp//edition.cnn.com/2016/07/01/health/antarctic-ozone-layer-healing/http//sciencing.com/co2-deplete-ozone-layer-4828.htmlhttp//www.cleanenergyregulator.gov.au/NGER/About-the-National-Greenhouse-and-Energy-Reporting-scheme/Gr eenhouse-gases-and-energyhttp//www.ghgprotocol.org/calculation-tools/faqhttp//www.environment.gov.au/climate-change/greenhouse-gas-measurement/publications/nger-technical-guidelines-2014http//www.ghgonline.org/othershfcs.htmhttps//ec.europa.eu/clima/policies/f-gas/alternatives_enhttps//www.epa.gov/ods-phaseouthttp//www.energyaction.com.au/energy-procurement/electricity-procurementhttp//www.ghgprotocol.org/scope_2_guidancehttp//www.treasury.gov.au/PublicationsAndMedia/Publications/2015/2015-Intergenerational-Reporthttp//www.treasury.gov.au//media/Treasury/Publications%20and%20Media/Publications/2015/2015%20Intergenerational%20Report/Downloads/PDF/2015_IGR.ashxhttps//www.mla.com.au/Research-and-development/Environment-sustainability/National-livestock-methane-programhttps//www.monash.edu/environmental-sustainability/our-commitment/environmental-sustainability-policyhttps//www.monash.edu/policy-bank/management/facilities-services/enviro-procedureshttp//iefworld.org/ddahl08d.htmhttps//w ww.monash.edu/__data/assets/pdf_file/0005/783617/Environmental-Sustainability-Policy-Australia-only.pdfhttps//phys.org/news/2007-11-atmosphere-carbon.htmlhttp//www.environment.gov.au/climate-change/greenhouse-gas-measurement/tracking-emissionshttp//www.environment.gov.au/system/files/resources/da7bde5c-1be2-43f7-97d7-d7d85bb9ad6c/files/nger-technical-guidelines-2014.pdfhttp//www.environment.gov.au/system/files/resources/5e11ecad-6d23-4e4b-bf9d-d4630a4e523b/files/nger-technical-guidelines-2012.pdfhttps//carbonneutral.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/Carbon-Offsetting-and-Carbon-Neutralilty-Explained.pdfhttps//www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2015-07/documents/fugitiveemissions.pdfhttp//www.treasury.gov.au//media/Treasury/Publications%20and%20Media/Publications/2015/2015%20Intergenerational%20Report/Downloads/PDF/2015_IGR.ashx